Hazardous Location vs. Explosion-Proof Motors: Understanding the Classification System

October 27, 2025
VJ Pamensky explains hazardous location classifications and explosion-proof motors, helping you choose the right industrial motor for safety and compliance.
Explosion-proof motor with a cast-iron frame that is designed for hazardous industrial environments.

In industrial sectors like oil & gas, mining, chemical processing and grain handling, safety starts with choosing the right electric motor for hazardous environments. VJ Pamensky (WEG Canada) supports Canadian businesses by supplying motors that meet strict safety classifications while ensuring efficient performance in defined hazardous areas.

Classified motors are designed to meet the requirements of specific hazardous conditions but may not necessarily be built to contain an internal ignition. Explosion-proof motors, on the other hand, are engineered to confine any internal spark or ignition source and prevent it from igniting surrounding gases or dust. Their construction also limits surface temperature to ensure safe operation under potentially volatile conditions.

2. What Exactly is a Hazardous Location?

A hazardous location is any area where explosive gases, vapor or dust are present such that they could ignite under normal operating conditions and/or under abnormal operating conditions.

Motors used in these zones must be certified to operate without becoming an ignition source, whether through heat, sparks or arcs.

3. Understanding the Zone System, Class and Division

Hazardous environments are categorized to ensure proper motor selection. In North America, there are two classification systems:

  1. Zones
  2. Divisions: A legacy system for additions, modifications, renovations to, or operation and maintenance of existing facilities employing the Division system of classification—the use of the Division system shall be permitted.

Zone:

  • Gases: Zone 0, 1, 2
  • Dust: Zone 20, 21, 22
  • Zone 0: Continuously hazardous under normal operating conditions
  • Zone 1: Likely to be hazardous during normal operating conditions.
  • Zone 2: Hazardous under abnormal operating conditions and/or short term only.
  • Zone 20: Dust in the air continuously present or for long periods of time.
  • Zone 21: Dust in the air is likely to occur in normal operation occasionally.
  • Zone 22: Dust in the air is not likely to occur in normal operation but if it does, will persist for a short period only.

Division:

  • Division 1: Hazardous under normal operating conditions
  • Division 2: Hazardous under abnormal operating conditions

Class:

  • Class I: Flammable gases or vapors
  • Class II: Combustible dust
  • Class III: Fibers or combustible flyings

4. How Does An Explosion-Proof Motor Work?

A Zone 1 / 21 or Division 1 motor is designed to:

  • Contains internal explosion.
  • Extinguish any internal possible arcs or sparks.
  • Withstand internal pressure without rupturing.
  • Limit the surface area temperature through design or by using a thermal device embedded in the windings, having a defined term limited temperature code (T-Code).

A Zone 22 / Division 2 motor is designed to be a safe product through a specific method of protection design and by having a defined term limited temperature code (T-Code).

5. Debunking Common Myths About Explosion-Proof Motors

Myth 1: All explosion-proof motors can be used in any hazardous location.

Reality: Motors must match the exact Class, Division or Zone rating.

Myth 2: Weatherproof or TEFC motors are explosion-proof.

Reality: These may resist dust or moisture but are not specifically rated for hazardous areas.

Myth 3: Explosion-proof means hazard-free.

Reality: Hazardous location motors reduce ignition risk, but proper installation, inspection and maintenance remain critical.

6. Selecting the Right Motor for Your Classified Environment

To ensure compliance and safety:

  • Match the classification: CEC Zone and/or Division
  • Check gas or dust group: Certification specifies what material it’s tested against
  • Verify temperature code (T-code): Ensures surface heat stays below ignition point
  • Assess environment: Consider humidity, vibration and chemical exposure

For a full range of certified hazardous location motors, visit our industrial motors page.

How VJ Pamensky Supports Compliance and Safety

VJ Pamensky helps clients across industries navigate the complex world of motor classifications. Whether you're powering grain conveyors, mixers in explosive zones or pump stations in remote oilfields, we ensure you receive motors rated for the correct classification—keeping business operations safe and compliant.

From product selection to technical support, VJ Pamensky helps you reduce risk and protect equipment, personnel and productivity.

Oil and gas offshore platform operating in a hazardous location environment requiring explosion-proof motors and certified industrial motor safety solutions.

Conclusion

Choosing the right motor for hazardous environments is essential for safety, compliance and reliable performance. By understanding classification systems and using properly certified explosion-proof motors, you can reduce risk and meet industry standards. With expert guidance from VJ Pamensky, selecting the right motor becomes a confident, streamlined process.

Need help identifying the right explosion-proof motor for your facility? Contact VJ Pamensky today to speak with a product specialist.